Final answer:
The bulbourethral glands are small tubular glands near the prostate that contribute to seminal fluid, playing a role in the lubrication and protection of sperm. The prostate gland itself secretes an alkaline fluid that constitutes 30% of semen, essential for sperm viability and successful fertilization.
Step-by-step explanation:
The small tubular glands that are located near the prostate gland and are involved in the production of seminal fluid are the bulbourethral glands. These glands contribute to the composition of semen, by secreting a fluid that helps lubricate the urethra and neutralize any acidic urine it may contain. This is a critical function, as it facilitates the safe passage of sperm through the urethra during ejaculation.
The prostate gland sits below the seminal vesicles and surrounds the urethra and its junction with the ejaculatory ducts. It secretes a slightly alkaline fluid, accounting for about 30 percent of the total volume of semen. The fluid contains proteins such as enzymes and a high concentration of zinc, which is essential for maintaining sperm quality and motility.
Semen is composed of sperm and seminal fluid, where sperm constitute only about 5 percent of its volume. The substantial remainder is produced by the seminal vesicles, the prostate gland, and the bulbourethral glands. Each of these glands adds specific components to the semen, ensuring that sperm have the necessary nutrients and the correct environment to survive and remain motile within the female reproductive system.