Question

For eukaryotic protein-encoding genes, the five proteins that are always needed for RNA polymerase II to initiate RNA synthesis are called_______ factors.

Answer 1

The five proteins needed for RNA polymerase II to initiate RNA synthesis in eukaryotic protein-encoding genes are called basal transcription factors, which include TFIID with the TATA-binding protein and other TFII factors.

Step-by-step explanation:

For eukaryotic protein-encoding genes, the five proteins that are always needed for RNA polymerase II to initiate RNA synthesis are called basal transcription factors. These factors are essential in the transcription initiation process as they are required to recruit RNA polymerase II to the promoter of a gene.

The core transcription factors start with TFIID, which includes the TATA-binding protein (TBP). After TFIID binds to the TATA box motif within the promoter, additional basal transcription factors designated as TFII factors (A-J) systematically bind to the DNA template. Each factor further stabilizes the pre-initiation complex and aids in the recruitment of RNA polymerase II, enabling the beginning of transcription.