Final answer:
Over 99% of all cells that make up the human body are eukaryotic cells, which are complex and contain a nucleus. Red blood cells, or erythrocytes, are particularly numerous in the body, while white blood cells are fewer and crucial for the immune system. Despite the diversity of cell types and functions, all cells share some basic structures and characteristics.
Step-by-step explanation:
Cells are the basic building blocks of all living organisms, including humans. The types of cells that make up over 99% of all cells in the human body are eukaryotic cells. These cells are complex and have a nucleus as well as other specialized structures called organelles. Red blood cells, which are also known as erythrocytes, are particularly numerous, amounting to about a quarter of all the cells in the human body. They are filled with hemoglobin, which is vital for carrying oxygen throughout the body. Contrastingly, white blood cells, which make up less than one percent of the blood's volume, play a key role in the immune system, fending off infections and diseases.
In your body, different cells have specific roles, much like the different materials used to build a home. For instance, epithelial cells protect the body's surfaces and internal cavities, bone cells provide structure and protection, while cells of the immune system guard against pathogens. Despite the variety, all cells, whether from humans, plants, or bacteria, share some common structures such as ribosomes, DNA, and proteins. These fundamental similarities are present regardless of the cell's complexity or the organism it belongs to.
It's important to note that all cells fall into two broad categories: prokaryotic and eukaryotic. Bacterial cells are classified as prokaryotes, which lack a nucleus, while cells from animals, plants, fungi, and protists are eukaryotes, equipped with a true nucleus.