Final answer:
The correct answer is option c. The central focus of activity theory is that ongoing activity and social involvement are crucial for seniors to feel satisfied and happy in their later years, despite any physical decline.
Step-by-step explanation:
The main point of activity theory is that a high level of activity enhances personal satisfaction in old age. According to this theory, seniors find fulfillment and happiness in maintaining activities and social involvement, which are key to positive well-being during their later years. As seniors age, it's beneficial for them to find replacements for lost roles to maintain this active involvement.
Critics of activity theory argue that not all seniors have equal opportunities for social engagement, and that fulfillment from activities varies among individuals. Some reformulations of the theory suggest that informal activities, such as hobbies, significantly impact life satisfaction in later years.
According to the functionalist perspective, maintaining an active role in various aspects of life can result in a better adjustment to old age. However, as we age, there may be a natural decline in energy, leading to a selection of activities that optimize personal effort and compensate for any losses, aligning with the broader view of the activity theory's goals for aging individuals.