Question

Which of the following contribute to the separation of sister chromatids at the end of metaphase and during anaphase? (there can be more than one correct answer.)

a. degradation of cohesins, proteins that hold sister chromatids together
b. sliding of interpolar microtubules to push poles apart
c. motor proteins
d. shortening of kinetochore microtubules

Answer 1

The separation of sister chromatids at the end of metaphase and during anaphase is contributed by the degradation of cohesin proteins, sliding of interpolar microtubules, and shortening of kinetochore microtubules.

Step-by-step explanation:

The separation of sister chromatids at the end of metaphase and during anaphase is contributed by:

1. Degradation of cohesin proteins: Cohesins are proteins that hold sister chromatids together, and their degradation allows for the separation of the chromatids.
2. Sliding of interpolar microtubules: Interpolar microtubules slide against each other at the metaphase plate, pushing the poles apart and aiding in chromatid separation.
3. Shortening of kinetochore microtubules: Kinetochore microtubules are responsible for attaching the sister chromatids to the mitotic spindle. During anaphase, their shortening helps pull the chromatids towards opposite poles.