Final answer:
The bet between Mr. Orientalis and Mr. Occidentalis was about the value of pi, specifically whether it is a rational or irrational number. Mr. Occidentalis was proven correct, as pi is an irrational number.
Step-by-step explanation:
The bet between Mr. Orientalis and Mr. Occidentalis was part of the Club of Squares, a group of mathematicians who were studying and exploring different concepts in mathematics. The bet involved the value of pi, specifically whether it is a rational or irrational number. Mr. Orientalis believed that pi is a rational number, meaning that it can be expressed as a fraction, while Mr. Occidentalis believed that pi is an irrational number, meaning that it cannot be expressed as a fraction. The result of the bet was that Mr. Occidentalis was proven correct. It was later proven that pi is indeed an irrational number.