Final answer:
The Miller-Urey experiment's cooling system facilitated the condensation stage crucial for simulating Earth's water cycle and the formation of organic molecules from early atmosphere gases.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Miller-Urey experiment involved a cooling system as a critical component for simulating the earth's early atmosphere and the production of organic molecules.
When the experiment was conducted, a mixture of gases thought to represent the Hadean atmosphere, which included ammonia, hydrogen, methane, and water, was exposed to electrical discharges to simulate lightning.
After this, a cooling system was used to condense the vaporized water, creating a liquid phase where synthesized organic compounds like amino acids could accumulate.
This condensation stage was essential in the experiment because it mimicked the Earth's water cycle, which would have been critical for concentrating and processing simple organic molecules into the complex compounds necessary for life.