Final answer:
Important K+ transporters include the active transporter Na+/K+ pump, which uses ATP to move K+ ions into the cell against their concentration gradient, and various passive transport ion channels that allow K+ ions to move down their gradient.
Step-by-step explanation:
The important transporters involved in K+ distribution across cell membranes are primarily the Na+/K+ pump and various ion channels. The Na+/K+ pump, also known as the sodium-potassium pump, actively transports K+ ions into the cell and Na+ ions out, using ATP in the process. This pump moves two K+ ions into the cell for every three Na+ ions it moves out, thereby maintaining the electrochemical gradient necessary for many cellular functions.
In addition to the pump, there are ion channels specific to K+ ions. Some of these are always open, allowing K+ ions to move down their concentration gradient, while others are gated. Gated ion channels can open or close in response to various stimuli, like electrical or chemical signals, regulating the flow of K+ ions and thus contributing to maintaining the cell's resting potential.
The transport maintained by the Na+/K+ pump is an example of active transport because it requires energy in the form of ATP to move ions against their concentration gradient. On the other hand, ion channels participate in passive transport, allowing ions to move down their concentration gradient without the need for cellular energy.