Final answer:
The planning level with the longest time horizon is known as strategic planning, involving setting long-term goals and determining necessary resources and actions, which can span years or decades.
Step-by-step explanation:
The planning level with the longest time horizon is known as strategic planning. Within an organization, strategic planning typically involves setting long-term goals and determining the resources and actions needed to achieve them. Unlike tactical planning, which focuses on short-term actions and immediate outcomes, or operational planning, which deals with day-to-day operations, strategic planning requires a broad vision and can span years or even decades. It often reflects the organization's vision, mission, and overall direction. In governments, the challenge of strategic planning can be more complex. While governments might be inclined towards the long-term health and viability of the nation, they are often limited by shorter election cycles. This means that long-term, decades-spanning plans are not always feasible within such high-turnover political systems. Authoritarian regimes potentially have more leeway for long-term planning and imposing sacrifices to meet longer-term goals, though their focus tends to be on national priorities over global welfare.