Final answer:
The standard method for collecting and reporting individual data elements for easy comparison is called standardization. It involves the consistent administration, scoring, and interpretation of research data, often using structured tools like questionnaires.
Step-by-step explanation:
Before the case abstracting process can begin, a standard method for collecting and reporting individual data elements must be established so data can be easily compared. This method is called standardization. Standardization refers to the consistent method of data collection, administration, scoring, and interpretation of results. Essentially, it ensures that data is compatible and comparable across different studies or institutions.
When we talk about standardization in the context of data collection, we often refer to the use of structured tools such as questionnaires. Using such tools, researchers can easily categorize numerical data and later analyze it statistically. It is an essential step that helps in preserving the reliability and validity of the research. For example, the U.S. Census makes use of a standardized questionnaire to collect data consistently across the nation.
.