Final answer:
The trend in Texas has been a significant increase in partisanship in recent decades, leading to a decrease in moderates and heightened ideological polarization. Gerrymandering and nationalization of congressional elections have further reinforced this trend, contributing to the current partisan environment.
Step-by-step explanation:
Trend in Partisanship in the Texas Legislature
The trend in the level of partisanship in the Texas houses in recent years mirrors the national trend, where there has been an evident increase in polarization. Initially, there was a high level of bipartisanship with legislation passed with support from both parties. However, starting from the 1980s and intensifying in the 1990s, moderates began to disappear, and both parties became more ideologically homogeneous. Democrats shifted towards more liberal policies, while Republicans moved further right. This shift has made cross-party collaboration more difficult and reduced the moderate voices who could often bridge the divide between the two parties.
Increased national focus on congressional elections has further reinforced partisanship, with voters more inclined to vote along party lines than previously. Additionally, redistricting or gerrymandering, like that in Texas, has contributed to the polarization, as political parties attempt to draft congressional districts that favor their party's chances.
Gerrymandering and national issues driving elections can be seen as factors aiding the ongoing polarization. Notably, though some states like Wyoming and Vermont elect their House members at-large, they still elect candidates with strong ideological leanings. Lastly, political battles, such as those over voting rights in Texas, further emphasize the high degree of partisanship present in recent years.