Final answer:
The last resort treatment for IgG-mediated hemolytic anemia is a splenectomy. Initial treatments include immunosuppressive therapy, but if unsuccessful, the spleen, a site of destruction for antibody-coated red blood cells, may be removed. Other interventions may precede splenectomy such as IVIG or corticosteroids.
Step-by-step explanation:
Treatment for IgG-mediated Hemolytic Anemia
The last resort treatment for IgG-mediated hemolytic anemia is often splenectomy. This condition is an example of type II hypersensitivity, where IgG antibodies target red blood cells leading to their destruction. Initial treatments usually involve immunosuppressive therapy, but if this fails, removing the spleen can be effective because it is a primary site where antibody-coated red blood cells are destroyed. Other therapies may include intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) or immunosuppressants such as corticosteroids or rituximab before considering splenectomy.
In erythroblastosis fetalis, which is also a type II hypersensitivity reaction, the treatment approach is different. In this case, anti-Rh antibodies (RhoGAM) are administered during pregnancy to prevent the mother's immune response from affecting the fetus. For type II and III hypersensitivities leading to organ rejection post-transplantation, medications to suppress the immune system are essential.