Final answer:
The diagnosis of sickle cell anemia is confirmed by the 1. hemoglobin electrophoresis test, which identifies the abnormal hemoglobin S associated with the disease.
Step-by-step explanation:
The diagnosis of sickle cell anemia, which is a genetic disorder affecting the shape of red blood cells and their oxygen-transporting ability, is confirmed by the hemoglobin electrophoresis test. This test distinguishes the hemoglobin S, the abnormal type associated with sickle cell anemia, from normal hemoglobin (hemoglobin A). Because this condition involves a mutation in the DNA that alters the amino acid sequence of the hemoglobin protein, resulting in sickle-shaped red blood cells, DNA-based tests can also be used to identify carriers of the disease and assist in screening before the onset of symptoms.
The diagnosis of sickle cell anemia is confirmed by the Hemoglobin electrophoresis test. This test is used to identify abnormal forms of hemoglobin, specifically hemoglobin S, which is characteristic of sickle cell anemia. Hemoglobin electrophoresis separates and identifies different types of hemoglobin based on their electrical charge and size.