Final answer:
The long, stalk-like structure of the stamen is the filament, and the part that produces pollen is the anther. The filament supports the anther, which contains pollen grains that are ready for pollination.
Step-by-step explanation:
The stamens of a flowering plant consist of two major parts: the long, stalk-like structure is the filament and the pollen-producing bodies on the tips are the anthers. The filament is what supports the anther, positioning it in a way that optimizes the transfer of pollen to pollinators or directly to the pistils of the same or other flowers.
The anther contains microsporangia, which is where pollen grains are produced through a process called meiosis. Once the pollen is mature, it's ready to be transferred to the stigma of a pistil either through wind, water, or animal pollinators, leading to pollination and potential fertilization.