Final answer:
HTN can lead to target organ damage in the brain such as Cerebral Infarction, a type of stroke caused by the loss of blood flow, and Hypertensive Encephalopathy, which involves swelling due to high blood pressure. Meningitis is related to infection, and a Brain Aneurysm is a weakened artery wall.
Step-by-step explanation:
The student is asking about target organ damage to the brain caused by hypertension (HTN). Specifically, they are inquiring about conditions that could result from high blood pressure affecting the brain. Out of the options provided, both Cerebral Infarction (A) and Hypertensive Encephalopathy (B) are indeed related to hypertension. Cerebral Infarction is a type of stroke caused by a disruption of blood supply to the brain, which can be due to a blockage or a hemorrhage, leading to brain tissue damage. On the other hand, Hypertensive Encephalopathy is a condition where there is swelling in the brain caused by severe high blood pressure, and it can lead to symptoms such as headache, confusion, and seizures.
Meningitis (C) is an inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord and is typically caused by an infection. A Brain Aneurysm (D) is a bulging, weak area in the wall of an artery that supplies blood to the brain which can be present without causing symptoms unless it ruptures. While an untreated hypertension can increase the risk of a brain aneurysm, the condition itself is not considered target organ damage from hypertension.