Final answer:
Anemia is a significant complication of children with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) and indicates the severity of the disease as the kidneys fail to produce enough erythropoietin for red blood cell production.
Step-by-step explanation:
Anemia is a major complication of children with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) and a marker for disease severity. CKD can progress through stages with increasing levels of kidney damage and dysfunction, eventually requiring renal replacement therapy like dialysis or a kidney transplant. In this syndrome, the glomerulus gets damaged, leading to the presence of a large amount of protein in the urine. Other common features of nephrotic syndrome include swelling, low serum albumin, and high cholesterol levels. Anemia in CKD is primarily due to a failure of the kidneys to produce enough erythropoietin, a hormone that stimulates red blood cell production. This, along with other factors like iron deficiency, leads to a lower red blood cell count.