Final answer:
For hyponatremic dehydration, treatment typically involves the administration of intravenous fluids with normal saline (option b) , which is isotonic with body fluids, to restore the sodium balance. In cases with excessive losses, a combination of isotonic saline and Na lactate might be used. Cerebral salt wasting treatment necessitates adequate sodium and volume replacement.
Step-by-step explanation:
Treatment for Cerebral Salt Wasting and Hyponatremic Dehydration
When addressing cerebral salt wasting and hyponatremic dehydration, the treatment strategy aims to correct the imbalance of sodium and water in the body. For patients suffering from hyponatremia, which is a lower-than-normal concentration of sodium often due to excessive water accumulation that dilutes sodium levels, the primary treatment includes the administration of fluids that will help normalize the sodium balance.
If the patient has hyponatremic dehydration, the appropriate treatment would be intravenous fluids with normal saline. Normal saline is a solution that is isotonic with respect to body fluids, making it an ideal choice for restoring fluid and electrolyte balance. It's essential to match the fluid given with the patient's electrolyte levels, and as such, a mixture of 2/3 isotonic saline and 1/3 Na lactate may sometimes be administered to repair the losses when there's an excretion of fluid that's high in Na and HCO3.
Treatment for cerebral salt wasting includes providing sufficient sodium and volume to correct dehydration and replace renal sodium losses. This is typically achieved by administering isotonic saline or sometimes hypertonic saline if the hyponatremia is severe. Fluid restriction is generally not recommended, as it may exacerbate dehydration.