Final answer:
A 2/6 low-pitched, musical, mi systolic ejection murmur at the lower L sternal border in neonates may indicate Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), a congenital condition in which the ductus arteriosus fails to close. PDA can cause symptoms such as shortness of breath, tachycardia, and poor weight gain in infants. Treatment options for PDA include surgical closure, manual closure using coils or mesh, or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
Step-by-step explanation:
A 2/6 low-pitched, musical, mi systolic ejection murmur at the lower left sternal border in neonates may be indicative of Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA).
A PDA is a congenital condition in which the ductus arteriosus, a blood vessel that connects the aorta and the pulmonary artery in fetal development, fails to close after birth. This results in blood flowing from the higher-pressure aorta into the lower pressure pulmonary trunk, increasing pulmonary pressure and making respiration difficult.
Other symptoms of PDA include shortness of breath, tachycardia, enlarged heart, a widened pulse pressure, and poor weight gain in infants. Treatments for PDA include surgical closure, manual closure using platinum coils or specialized mesh, or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs to block the synthesis of prostaglandin E2. If left untreated, PDA can lead to congestive heart failure.