Final answer:
Both laryngomalacia and tracheomalacia may present with stridor, a high-pitched wheezing sound indicative of a narrowed or obstructed airway. Stridor is the most characteristic symptom of these conditions, though other respiratory symptoms may be present.
Step-by-step explanation:
Both laryngomalacia and tracheomalacia may present with symptoms that are indicative of a breathing disorder due to their nature as conditions that involve the softening of the tissues of the larynx or trachea, respectively. The answer to the question regarding what these conditions may present with is: a) Stridor.
Stridor is a high-pitched wheezing sound caused by disrupted airflow. It is generally associated with conditions that narrow the airway or cause its obstruction. Laryngomalacia, the most common cause of chronic stridor in infants, involves softening of the laryngeal structures leading to a floppy airway that collapses during inspiration, creating this characteristic sound. Tracheomalacia involves a similar softening, but in the structures of the trachea, and can also result in stridor.
Other symptoms such as shortness of breath, wheezing, hoarseness, pain with swallowing, and cough can also be associated with both conditions, although they are not as specific as stridor which is the direct answer to the question.