Final Answer:
Periventricular and diffuse intracerebral calcifications would be expected with congenital Cytomegalovirus (CMV) (TORCH). Thus, the correct answer is option c) Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
Step-by-step explanation:
Periventricular and diffuse intracerebral calcifications are characteristic findings associated with congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. CMV is a member of the TORCH group, which comprises several pathogens that can cause congenital infections. Infections with TORCH agents during pregnancy can lead to serious fetal abnormalities, and CMV is a leading cause of congenital viral infections.
The central nervous system (CNS) abnormalities in congenital CMV infection often involve calcifications in the periventricular and intracerebral regions. These calcifications can be visualized on imaging studies such as computed tomography (CT) scans or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This pattern of calcifications is distinct and aids in the diagnosis of congenital CMV infection.
To further elaborate, CMV is a herpesvirus that can be transmitted from mother to fetus during pregnancy, leading to various manifestations, including neurological abnormalities. The calcifications observed in the brain are a result of the virus's impact on neural tissues during fetal development. As a TORCH pathogen, CMV joins other infectious agents like toxoplasmosis, rubella, and herpes simplex virus in posing risks to the developing fetus.
Thus, the correct answer is option c) Cytomegalovirus (CMV)