Final answer:
Insufficient prenatal care can lead to late presentation of high blood pressure in boys with posterior urethral valves. Conditions like congenital hydronephrosis, renal dysplasia, and benign prostatic hyperplasia impact urinary flow and can affect circulatory health, potentially causing hypertension.
Step-by-step explanation:
Boys with posterior urethral valves may present later with high blood pressure if prenatal care is inadequate. The posterior urethral valves can cause obstruction in the urinary tract, disrupting normal urinary flow and potentially leading to secondary effects on the circulatory system. For instance, due to the obstruction, there might be an abnormal growth of the prostate, known as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), which in severe cases necessitates surgery.
Congenital conditions such as a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), where the ductus arteriosus fails to close after birth, can lead to increased pulmonary pressure and subsequent respiration issues. PDA, if left untreated, risks congestive heart failure, greatly impacting cardiovascular health as well. During pregnancy, various anatomical and physiological changes, like increased blood volume, can affect the development of these conditions, sometimes exacerbating the symptoms.
Conditions such as congenital hydronephrosis or renal dysplasia also indicate the myriad complexities of congenital anomalies affecting the urinary and circulatory systems, which in turn could contribute to long-term health issues including hypertension if not properly managed or detected early on without sufficient prenatal care.