Final answer:
Arthrography is the correct answer for an X-ray exam used to diagnose arthritis and other joint disorders, providing detailed images of soft tissues within the joint.
Step-by-step explanation:
The X-ray exam of joint structures to diagnose arthritis and other joint disorders is known as d) Arthrography. This medical imaging technique makes use of a contrast agent, which is opaque to X-rays, to visualize soft tissue structures within the joints, such as cartilage, tendons, and ligaments. Rheumatologists can diagnose conditions like rheumatoid arthritis (RA) not only by symptoms of joint inflammation and pain but also with the help of imaging tests such as X-ray, MRI, and specifically, arthrography. An arthrogram is advantageous as it can show early degenerative changes in the joint cartilage, allowing for the detection of such changes before the bone is affected. It provides a more detailed image of the joint compared to a regular X-ray by also showing the surface of soft tissues lining the joint.