Final answer:
The statement regarding the five-factor view of personality that humans differ on five basic traits—emotional stability, extroversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness—is true. These traits are known as the Big Five and are present to varying degrees in individuals, partly influenced by genetics and cultural backgrounds.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that the five-factor view of personality suggests that humans differ, to greater or lesser degrees, on five basic traits is true. These traits are emotional stability (often measured as its inverse, neuroticism), extroversion, openness to experiences, agreeableness, and conscientiousness. They are collectively known as the Big Five personality traits or the Five Factor Model.
In the Five Factor Model, each of these personality traits is considered a continuum. Therefore, people vary in the degree to which they manifest each trait, rather than simply having or not having a particular trait. Someone could be highly agreeable, for example, or very low in agreeableness, with many possible gradations in between.
Cultural backgrounds can influence the expression of these traits; however, research suggests that the Big Five are relatively universal across cultures. Moreover, these traits are relatively stable over the lifespan, although they can change to some extent, such as conscientiousness and agreeableness generally increasing with age.