Final answer:
The Court Packing Plan, proposed in the context of Constitutional law, was President Roosevelt's controversial effort to expand the Supreme Court to gain favorable rulings for his New Deal legislation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Supreme Court Reorganization Plan, also known as the Court Packing Plan, was proposed in the context of Constitutional law. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, after being reelected, aimed to expand the number of justices on the Supreme Court. His proposal, formally titled the Judicial Procedures Reform Bill of 1937, intended to allow the President to appoint an additional justice for each current justice over the age of seventy who refused to retire, with the potential to add up to six new justices.
This move was intended to secure a Supreme Court more favorable to his New Deal policies, which faced resistance from the then-conservative court. The plan was widely criticized and seen as an attempt by Roosevelt to control the judiciary, altering the balance of power in the government. While the plan never passed, it remains a notable moment in U.S. history where the separation of powers was directly challenged.