Final answer:
FSH and LH are the hormones used in high doses to mature multiple follicles for embryo transfer, not estradiol. Estradiol is involved in preparing the uterus for implantation but is not the primary hormone used for follicle stimulation in reproductive treatments.
Step-by-step explanation:
The hormone responsible for stimulating the maturation of multiple follicles for embryo transfer in high doses is follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) combined with luteinizing hormone (LH). During assisted reproductive technology procedures such as IVF, increased levels of these hormones are typically administered to induce the development of multiple follicles, improving the chances of obtaining viable embryos for transfer. Although estradiol plays a critical role in the ovulation cycle, it is not the primary hormone that's administered in high doses for the purpose of causing multiple follicles to mature; rather, estradiol principally prepares the endometrial lining for potential implantation and is part of the hormonal feedback mechanism that regulates FSH and LH secretion.
Just prior to ovulation, around the middle of the menstrual cycle, a rise in estradiol levels causes a surge in LH, which in turn leads to the rupture and release of the mature follicle's egg. LH and FSH are integral to the ovulation process, stimulating the development of the follicles within the ovary. When these hormones are administered artificially in a controlled clinical setting, they can induce the growth of more than one follicle to increase the success rate of embryo transfer.