Final answer:
The specific powers granted to Congress in Article 1, Section 8 of the Constitution are known as enumerated powers. These powers provide the legislative branch with authority over various aspects of American national policy.
Step-by-step explanation:
The specific powers granted to Congress in Article 1, Section 8 of the Constitution are known as enumerated powers. These powers are listed and provide the legislative branch with authority over various aspects of American national policy. Some examples of these powers include the power to issue money, collect taxes, regulate trade, declare war, and raise an army.