Final answer:
The correct answer to the student's question is f) all of the above; as surveys using paper-and-pencil methods ask respondents about their past and present behavior, attitudes, preferences, opinions, and feelings, and are a key research method to obtain both quantitative and qualitative data.
Step-by-step explanation:
The paper-and-pencil methods used in questionnaires and surveys are designed to ask respondents to answer questions that can encompass a wide range of topics, including their past and present behavior, attitudes, preferences, opinions, and feelings; therefore, the correct answer is f) all of the above. Surveys are a research method that collects data from subjects who respond to a series of standardized questions. This method is suitable for uncovering the attitudes, beliefs, or habits of the general public or specific segments of the population. While closed questions are used for easy tabulation and comparison, open-ended questions are employed to gain more qualitative data and depth, revealing personal religious beliefs, political views, goals, or morals. These open questions often require short essay responses and provide a range of subjective viewpoints, which are essential for obtaining comprehensive, honest self-reported data.