Final answer:
The tube-like structures that extend from the kidneys to the bladder are known as ureters, measuring around 10-12 inches in length and are responsible for urine transport.
Step-by-step explanation:
The tubes that extend from either side of the kidneys to the bladder are known as ureters. Adult ureters typically measure between 25 and 30 centimeters (10 to 12 inches) in length and about 3 to 4 millimeters in diameter, connecting the renal pelvis of each kidney to the urinary bladder.
These tube-like structures are responsible for transporting urine from the kidneys down to the bladder, a process that is facilitated by the contraction of smooth muscles in the ureter walls through peristaltic movements. The walls of the ureter are lined with transitional epithelium, which is capable of expansion and stretching to accommodate varying volumes of urine.