Final answer:
The minimum ceiling required when operating under VFR (Visual Flight Rules) within the lateral boundaries of airspace bound to the surface for an airport is 500 feet above ground level (AGL).
Step-by-step explanation:
The minimum ceiling required when operating under VFR (Visual Flight Rules) within the lateral boundaries of airspace bound to the surface for an airport is subsection (a) 500 feet above ground level (AGL).
Under VFR, pilots rely on their ability to see and avoid obstacles and other aircraft. The 500 feet AGL requirement ensures a safe distance between the aircraft and the ground, allowing for visual navigation.
Other options mentioned in the question, such as 1,000 feet AGL, 2,000 feet AGL, and 3,000 feet AGL are not the minimum ceiling requirements for VFR operation.