Final answer:
In Nephrotic syndrome, the typical protein electrophoresis pattern exhibits decreased serum albumin due to significant proteinuria and an increased alpha-2 globulins fraction as part of an acute phase response.
Step-by-step explanation:
b) Increased alpha-2 globulins The protein electrophoresis pattern typically seen in Nephrotic syndrome includes decreased albumin and increased alpha-2 globulins. As the glomerulus is damaged, there is significant proteinuria, with proteins such as albumin being lost in urine, leading to a decrease in serum albumin levels. Additionally, while there may be alterations in other serum proteins, the characteristic increase in alpha-2 globulins is due to an acute phase response where proteins such as haptoglobin and ceruloplasmin, which are part of this fraction, increase in response to the ongoing kidney pathology. However, it is important to note that variations can occur, and a full electrophoresis pattern should be evaluated by a healthcare professional.In nephrotic syndrome, the protein electrophoresis pattern typically shows decreased albumin and increased alpha-2 globulins.
The gamma globulins may also be decreased, but the beta globulins tend to remain within normal range.Proteins are large molecules that are not normally filtered out of blood in the glomeruli. When the glomerular capillaries are damaged, proteins like albumin can leak into the filtrate and end up being excreted in the urine. Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by increased permeability of the glomerular capillaries, leading to proteinuria.Therefore, in nephrotic syndrome, the protein electrophoresis pattern typically shows a decrease in albumin and an increase in alpha-2 globulins.