Question

What is the primary purpose of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis in the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis?

a) To measure glucose levels
b) To identify the causative organism
c) To assess blood pressure
d) To evaluate liver function

Answer 1

The primary purpose of cerebrospinal fluid analysis in diagnosing bacterial meningitis is to identify the causative organism, indicated by abnormal PMNs, glucose, and protein levels. A CSF culture confirms the presence of the pathogen, and a Gram stain can visualize bacteria directly. CSF analysis is vital for accurate diagnosis and treatment.

Step-by-step explanation:

Primary Purpose of CSF Analysis in Diagnosing Bacterial Meningitis

The primary purpose of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis in the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis is to identify the causative organism. This is done by examining parameters such as polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs), glucose, and protein levels, and by culturing the CSF to detect any bacteria or fungi. Abnormal levels of PMNs, lowered glucose levels, and elevated protein levels in the CSF are indicative of bacterial meningitis. Furthermore, a Gram stain can be utilized to visualize bacteria directly in the CSF. Often, antibiotics are administered as a precaution before positive identification of the causative agent is confirmed through CSF culture results.

CSF analysis is a critical tool for differentiating between different types of meningitis, such as bacterial and viral, and is utilized for accurate diagnosis and prompt treatment. Parameters such as cell count, glucose, and protein content in the CSF, as well as the presence of oligoclonal bands, can be essential in diagnosing various neurological diseases and conditions.