Final answer:
The statement is true; auditors use substantive analytical procedures to compare expected and actual account balances to find discrepancies.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that one substantive analytical procedure involves the auditor calculating an expected balance for an account and then comparing it to the actual account balance is True. Substantive analytical procedures are an auditing process whereby auditors estimate what they expect an account balance or financial statement to look like based on other data, such as historical trends, industry standards, or other relevant financial ratios. After calculating the expected outcome, they compare it to the actual figures to identify any significant discrepancies that might indicate errors or potential fraudulent activity.