Final answer:
Service members who have completed medical in-processing within the previous year do not require a Periodic Health Assessment (PHA) until after 12 months.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question pertains to Periodic Health Assessments (PHA) for service members. If service members have completed medical in-processing within the previous year, they typically will not require a PHA until after 12 months have passed. Therefore, the correct answer is c) After 12 months. The PHA is a screening tool used by the military to evaluate the medical readiness of its service members and to ensure they are able to perform their duties effectively.