Final answer:
The commonly used anticoagulant for the hemocytometer method is EDTA because it binds to and removes calcium ions, which are necessary for coagulation. Alternatives include Heparin, which inactivates factor X, and Citrate, which also binds to calcium ions.
Step-by-step explanation:
Common Anticoagulants Used in Hemocytometer Methods
The type of anticoagulant typically used for the hemocytometer method is Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). This chelating agent binds to calcium ions in the blood, which are necessary for the coagulation process, thus preventing clot formation. EDTA works by forming hexadentate complexes with metal ions, effectively interfering with the blood clotting mechanism.
Alternatives to EDTA are Heparin and Citrate. Heparin opposes coagulation by inactivating factor X and inhibiting the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin. Citrate works similarly to EDTA by binding to calcium ions, removing them from the coagulation process.
Based on this information, the correct answer to the student's question would be:
- Commonly used anticoagulant: Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)
- Alternatives: Heparin, Citrate
Therefore, the correct choice would be Option A: Commonly used anticoagulant: Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) with alternatives being Heparin and Citrate.