Final answer:
Meningitis is the infection or inflammation of the meninges, the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, often leading to serious health issues if not treated promptly.
Step-by-step explanation:
The infection or inflammation of the membranes covering the brain or spinal cord is called meningitis. These membranes are known as meninges and when they become inflamed, usually due to a bacterial or viral infection, it can lead to serious health complications. Symptoms of meningitis can include severe headache, fever, increased sensitivity to light, stiff neck, convulsions, and confusion. If the infection worsens, it may lead to deafness, cognitive deficits, epilepsy, or even death. Prompt treatment is essential, particularly with bacterial meningitis, which often requires emergency medical care and antibiotics to combat the infection.