Final answer:
BUN and Creatinine tests are used to assess kidney function by measuring glomerular filtration rate. These tests help to ensure that the kidneys are filtering waste effectively, preventing toxic accumulation in the body.
Step-by-step explanation:
BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen) and Creatinine are tests used to measure renal function and specifically assess glomerular filtration rate (GFR). BUN is an estimate of urea in the blood, which is an important indicator of kidney function. Creatinine, a waste product of muscle metabolism that is excreted by the kidneys, provides a means to estimate the filtering capacity of the kidneys. Adequate GFR is crucial because it helps prevent the accumulation of waste products and excessive water in the body.
An elevated serum creatinine level is biochemically detected when the kidneys are not functioning properly. To further assess kidney function, the creatinine clearance test can be used. This involves calculating the volume of blood cleared of creatinine per unit time, and it is a practical method to approximate GFR without the need for more complex measurements such as those involving inulin clearance.
So, in the context of medical diagnostics, BUN and Creatinine measure c) glomerular filtration, not blood sugar levels, hormone levels, or blood pressure. The health of the kidneys is fundamental for the body's overall homeostasis, including regulating fluids, electrolytes, and the clearance of drugs.