Final answer:
The best answer to complete the analogy 'Spanish period: moral and religious person; American: _____' is D) Industrious and entrepreneurial person. This reflects the historical focus on individualism and the pursuit of economic growth that characterized the American period, contrasting with the moral and religious focus of the Spanish colonial era.
Step-by-step explanation:
To complete the analogy 'Spanish period: moral and religious person; American: _____', the most fitting answer is D) Industrious and entrepreneurial person. This reflects the different economic values and social structures that were fostered during the colonial periods of the respective powers. In the territories dominated by Spain, the focus was on the establishment of moral and religious norms, which sought to integrate the population with Catholic values through the enforcement of institutions like the encomendero system and the prevention of social mobility for those of mixed race. Conversely, during the American period, especially in the Thirteen Colonies, there was a significant push towards individualism, entrepreneurship, and personal liberty. The preference for the family farm and the spread of political cultures like moralistic and individualistic reinforced these values.
The Anglo-centric view of history often praises the industriousness, technological advancement, and economic prowess of the United States and frames the approach to governance and society through the lens of these characteristics. Thus, an American period could be best characterized by the promotion of individualism, economic growth, and technological innovation, contrasting that of the Spanish period focus on religious grounding and social order.