Final answer:
a) Tanks. The new military technology introduced by the British in World War I was the tank, which played a pivotal role in trench warfare and marked a significant advancement in military strategies during the conflict.
Step-by-step explanation:
The new type of military technology introduced by the British in World War I was the tank. Tanks were developed to cope with the conditions of trench warfare, as they were capable of crossing difficult terrain, including trenches, and withstanding machine gun fire and artillery. While items such as Big Bertha (a large-caliber German field gun), the machine gun, and the submarine played significant roles during the war, it was indeed the tank that represented a novel form of warfare, providing a strategic advantage to the British and their allies. The first time tanks were used in battle was at the First Battle of the Somme in September 1916, which marked a turning point in the use of armored vehicles in warfare. These early tanks, far from the sophisticated machines seen in later decades, were slow and not always reliable, but the psychological impact on the enemy, as well as their ability to support infantry, made them a valuable addition to the military arsenal.