Final answer:
The maximum range for a general projectile is achieved at a 45° launch angle without air resistance, but practical factors like air resistance, altitude effects, and Earth's curvature must be considered for actual projectiles, reducing the maximum effective range from the theoretical maximum.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question 'What is the maximum range and maximum effective range of the 84mm M136?' seems to be a mix-up as the information provided relates to physics problems involving projectile motion, rather than the specific data about an 84mm M136, which is a portable one-shot, disposable anti-tank rocket launcher. However, using the principles of projectile motion, we can discuss concepts like maximum range and effective range generally for projectiles.
For a general projectile without air resistance, the maximum range is achieved with a launch angle of 45°. However, when considering real-world factors such as air resistance, a slightly smaller angle may give a better range. Additionally, large muzzle velocities can introduce complexities such as the effects of thinning air with altitude and the Earth's curvature. If the projectile velocity is extreme, as in the super cannon example with a muzzle velocity of 4.0 km/s, the calculations would become non-trivial, and these real-world factors would significantly reduce the range from the ideal value calculated using standard projectile motion equations.
The maximum effective range would be less than the maximum range due to aiming adjustments needed to compensate for gravity, and would also be further reduced by air resistance. Individual weapons, such as the 84mm M136, will have manufacturer's specifications for these ranges, which take these practical limitations into account.