Final answer:
Combatants are individuals who directly participate in hostilities during armed conflicts, and they can include military personnel and members of armed groups. An enemy spy can also be considered a combatant. Non-combatants are civilians who are not involved in the fighting.
Step-by-step explanation:
Under the laws of armed conflict, a combatant refers to a person who directly participates in hostilities during an armed conflict. This can include members of the military forces of a state, as well as members of organized armed groups. Combatants are distinguished from non-combatants, who are civilians that are not involved in the fighting.
In relation to the options given, the correct answer is c) Enemy spy. An enemy spy who is actively engaged in gathering and transmitting information about military activities can be considered a combatant under the laws of armed conflict.