Question

Which of the following is the administration route for thrombin?

A. local infiltration
B. topical application
C. intravenous injection
D. intramuscular injection

Answer 1

The administration route for thrombin is topical application. Oral administration is typically chosen for home treatment of systemic infections. Intravenous administration is often used in hospital settings for rapid effect, such as with thrombolytic agents in treating strokes.

Step-by-step explanation:

The administration route for thrombin is typically topical application. Thrombin is an enzyme that assists in the blood clotting process and is applied directly to the site of bleeding during surgical procedures. When considering the question on the administration of an antimicrobial to treat a systemic infection at home, the most appropriate route would likely be oral, as it is convenient and does not require the medical supervision necessary for intravenous or intramuscular injections, which are typically performed in health-care settings.

Intravenous administration of drugs, including thrombolytic agents for treating a thrombotic stroke, is preferred when rapid and high plasma levels of the medication are required. This is why administration of a thrombolytic agent is often the first intervention for someone who has suffered a thrombotic stroke—as it can quickly help dissolve the clot causing the stroke.

During blood clotting, prothrombin is converted to thrombin in what is known as the common pathway of the coagulation cascade. Thrombin then facilitates the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin, creating a fibrin clot to stop bleeding.

Answer 2

Thrombin is predominantly applied via topical application directly to the required site. For home administration of antimicrobials to treat systemic infections, the oral route is preferred. In the case of a thrombotic stroke, a thrombolytic agent is used as an immediate intervention to dissolve the blocking clot.

Step-by-step explanation:

The administration route for thrombin is typically B. topical application. Thrombin is commonly used to aid in clotting during surgical procedures and it is applied directly to the tissue where bleeding needs to be controlled. While its topical use is most frequent, the specific route of administration can vary depending on its intended use and formulation. In certain cases, it may also be available for local infiltration or other routes as deemed appropriate by medical professionals, but its main use is topical.

Discussing the appropriate and convenient routes for home administration of an antimicrobial to treat a systemic infection, the A. oral route is most suitable for home administration. Parenteral routes, such as B. intravenous and D. parenteral (which includes intramuscular), are typically performed in health-care settings. The route of administration is critically chosen based on factors such as the drug's absorption in the GI tract, desired plasma levels, and the practicality of administration at home or in a healthcare setting.

In the context of a thrombotic stroke, the administration of a thrombolytic agent is a first intervention because these agents help to dissolve the clot that is blocking blood flow to the brain, which is essential to restore circulation and minimize damage.