Final answer:
A Colles' fracture involves the distal radius, not the distal fibula or proximal ulna. Surgery may be necessary for complex or misaligned fractures and typically involves realigning the bone fragments and suturing the periosteum with absorbable sutures. The endosteum is not sutured in such repairs.
Step-by-step explanation:
A Colles' fracture is a type of break in the distal radius, often caused by falling onto an outstretched hand. The statement that the distal fibula is fractured is incorrect, as a Colles' fracture involves the distal radius. Similarly, the claim involving the proximal ulna is incorrect for a Colles' fracture. Surgical repair of a Colles' fracture may involve the use of absorbable sutures to close the periosteum, which is a membrane that covers the bone. However, the endosteum, which lines the inner surface of the bone, does not require suturing during such procedures.
The necessity for surgery depends on the complexity and displacement of the fracture. If the bone fragments are misaligned, surgical intervention, such as an open reduction, may be required to realign them properly. Healing begins with the formation of a hematoma, followed by internal and external calli, which are then replaced by new bone formed by osteoblasts. Over time, the bone remodels and the fracture heals completely. Non-absorbable sutures are generally not used in the context of the endosteum.