Final answer:
The term used to describe anemia where red blood cells are smaller than normal and have reduced hemoglobin is Microcytic, hypochromic anemia.
Step-by-step explanation:
Most microcytic anemias are also hypochromic, meaning the red blood cells appear smaller than normal and have less color due to lower amounts of hemoglobin. The term used to describe this type of anemia is Microcytic, hypochromic anemia. Conditions such as iron deficiency anemia and thalassemia commonly present with this form. Iron deficiency anemia is especially prevalent, often resulting from insufficient dietary iron, poor absorption, or chronic blood loss. Vitamin-deficient anemias typically involve insufficient vitamin B12 and folate, while conditions like aplastic anemia involve a deficiency in red blood cell stem cells.