Final answer:
Positive airway pressure therapy treats sleep apnea by keeping airways open with devices like CPAP, although compliance can be low due to discomfort. New alternatives like EPAP show promise for those who struggle with CPAP. Supplemental oxygen may be needed for central sleep apnea.
Step-by-step explanation:
Positive airway pressure therapy is a common treatment for sleep apnea involving devices such as the continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and expiratory positive airway pressure (EPAP) machines. These devices help keep the airway open during sleep by delivering pressurized air through a mask, which can cover either the nose, or the nose and mouth. While the use of CPAP is considered effective for people with mild to severe sleep apnea, achieving consistent compliance from users is challenging due to discomfort or side effects like dry mouth or nose. New alternative treatments like EPAP have shown promise in double-blind trials, providing potential options for those struggling with CPAP machines.
Supplemental oxygen may also be necessary for patients with central sleep apnea. The treatment efficacy of positive airway pressure therapy involves maintaining open airways to facilitate normal breathing patterns, which is essential for preventing the negative health effects associated with sleep apnea, such as cardiovascular issues and daytime drowsiness.