Final answer:
A cerebrovascular accident, or stroke, is a loss of blood supply to part of the brain leading to neurological symptoms. The stroke evaluation includes a neurological exam and diagnostic imaging, like CT scans. Early treatment and rehabilitation are crucial for recovery.
Step-by-step explanation:
Understanding Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA)
A cerebrovascular accident (CVA), commonly known as a stroke, is a medical emergency where part of the brain loses its blood supply, leading to a loss of neurological function. This event requires immediate medical attention to prevent lasting brain damage or death. The symptoms can vary depending on the affected area of the brain but often include a sudden weakness or numbness on one side of the body, confusion, difficulty speaking or understanding speech, visual disturbances, and severe headache.
In assessing a stroke, healthcare providers perform a neurological exam focusing on reflexes, sensory responses, and motor control to determine the extent and location of brain injury. Diagnostic tools such as CT scans, MRI, and blood tests may be used to assess brain damage and the type of stroke—whether it's ischemic (due to a clot) or hemorrhagic (due to a bleed). The severity of a stroke and its outcomes can range from complete recovery to permanent disability.
Strokes can sometimes be preceded by a transient ischemic attack (TIA), which presents with similar symptoms that resolve within 24 hours. A TIA serves as a warning sign and should be examined urgently to prevent a full-blown stroke. Treatment of CVA involves medical interventions, such as thrombolytics, and rehabilitative therapies like physical, occupational, and speech therapy to improve functionality and quality of life.