Question

Which of the following is true concerning manganese and patients on long-term parenteral nutrition (PN)?

1: Manganese deficiency occurs in patients on PN for greater than 1 year
2: Hypermanganesemia has been reported only in patients with cholestasis
3: Manganese in commercial trace element preparations may result in hypermanganesemia
4: The best indicator of manganese status is serum manganese

Answer 1

The true statement regarding patients on long-term parenteral nutrition concerning manganese is that commercial trace element preparations may result in hypermagnesemia. Serum manganese levels alone are not the best indicator of manganese status, and hypermagnesemia can occur in patients beyond those with cholestasis.

Step-by-step explanation:

Which of the following is true concerning manganese and patients on long-term parenteral nutrition (PN)? Let's go through each statement:

1. Manganese deficiency is less commonly reported in patients on long-term PN, due to adequate supplementation. Deficiency is more likely to occur with inadequate supply or increased demand.
2. Hypermagnesemia can occur in patients with cholestasis but is not exclusive to them; any patient receiving excessive manganese through PN may be at risk.
3. Manganese in commercial trace element preparations may indeed result in hypermagnesemia if not properly monitored and dosed according to a patient's specific needs.
4. The best indicator of manganese status is not solely serum manganese levels as they can fluctuate and may not accurately reflect tissue stores or toxicity; a combination of clinical assessment and laboratory values must be considered.

Therefore, statement 3 is the correct answer: Manganese in commercial trace element preparations may result in hypermagnesemia.