Final answer:
The prefix 'pro-' means 'before' or 'forward,' as seen in the word 'procreate.' In word construction, two 'c's can appear when a prefix ends and a stem begins with the same letter. Conventionally, the positive direction for axes is 'forward and to the right.'
Step-by-step explanation:
The prefix “pro-” typically means “before” or “forward.” Therefore, the correct answer to the question of what does the prefix “pro-” mean is b) Before, forward. When analyzing words to understand where two ‘c’s come from, one needs to identify the prefix and the stem of the word. Often in English, it may seem like there is a repetition of letters when a prefix ends with the same letter that the stem starts with. For example, in the word “procreate,” the prefix “pro-” means before or forward, and the stem “create” means to make or bring into existence. The letter ‘c’ is part of both the prefix and the stem, resulting in two ‘c’s when the word is formed.
In the context of the Check Your Understanding question, conventionally the positive direction for axes is considered to be c) forward and to the right. This is generally the case in coordinate systems used in mathematics and physics, where the positive x-axis is to the right and the positive y-axis is up or forward from the origin.