Question

Which condition(s) indicates target organ damage from untreated/undertreated hypertension? Select all that apply.

a. Heart failure
b. Retinal damage
c. Diabetes
d. Hyperlipidemia
e. Stroke

Answer 1

Conditions indicating target organ damage from hypertension include heart failure, retinal damage, and stroke. Diabetes and hyperlipidemia are related but are not direct consequences of hypertension.

Step-by-step explanation:

Target organ damage from untreated or undertreated hypertension indicates the injury to organs that are most susceptible to the damaging effects of elevated blood pressure. The conditions which reflect such damage are:

• Heart failure - Occurs when the heart cannot pump blood adequately, often a result of the heart working under the strain of high blood pressure over time.
• Retinal damage - High blood pressure can lead to hypertensive retinopathy, where the blood vessels in the retina are damaged, potentially resulting in vision problems or blindness.
• Stroke - Hypertension can cause blood vessels in the brain to clog or burst, leading to a stroke.

Accordingly, the correct options reflecting target organ damage due to hypertension are heart failure, retinal damage, and stroke. Diabetes and hyperlipidemia are not direct consequences of hypertension but are related conditions that can contribute to or exacerbate cardiovascular problems.