Final answer:
HIPAA provides federal protections for PHI when held by covered entities. Clergy is not considered a covered entity under HIPAA.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) provides federal protections for Protected Health Information (PHI) held by covered entities. A covered entity refers to a healthcare provider, health plan, or healthcare clearinghouse that electronically transmit health information. Out of the given options, clergy is not considered a covered entity under HIPAA.