Final answer:
B) Shouting loudly. The term 'clamor' etymologically relates to shouting loudly rather than whispering, singing, or dancing. This is apparent in historical and cultural contexts such as the African American traditions of 'calls' and the 'ring shout', which involved vocal expressions of loud cries or shouts for communication, religious practices, and other forms of social interaction.
Step-by-step explanation:
Etymologically, one who raises a CLAMOR does so by B) Shouting loudly. The term 'clamor' originates from Latin, where it means to cry out or shout. Therefore, a person raising a clamor would be one who is making a loud noise or voicing their demands noisily, commonly associated with shouting. This term is related to expressions of intense emotion or to garner attention.
In historical context, the application of the word 'clamor' can be found within various African American traditions. For example, during the era of slavery, enslaved African Americans communicated through 'calls' or 'shouts' that were musical in nature to convey messages, signal each other, or express religious fervor. This practice can be traced back to African musical traditions and cultural expressions, and many slave calls emulated African drumming or the rhythmic bodily expressions seen in 'patting juba.' The significance of 'clamor' extends to religious and social gatherings as well, such as the ring shout, a form of religious expression combining singing, shouting, and a religious dance that potentially connected West African religious practices with evangelical Protestantism.
The complexity and energy involved in these expressions, whether secular or sacred, often included vocal intensity. Therefore, within these cultural descriptions, the term 'clamor' can be closely related to the act of shouting or expressing oneself loudly, which is embedded in the traditional practices described.